XV11
Thus a Kavya is that which touches the inmost chords
of the human mind and diffusing itself into the crevices of
the heart works up a lasting sense of delight. It is "an
expression in beautiful form and melodious language of
the best thoughts and noblest emotions, which the spectacle
of life awakens in the finest souls. Among the authors
-of this artificial poetry, the names of Kalidasa, Magha and
Harsha are advantageously noted, for in the course of these
centuries, they mark the deterioration of poetic style*
•" While in the old epic poetry form is subordinated to
matter, it is of primary importance in the Kavyas, the
matter becomes more and more merely a means for the
display of tricks of style. The later the author of a Kavya
is, the more he seeks to win the admiration of his audience
by the cleverness of his conceits and the ingenuity of his
-diction, appealing always to the head rather than the heart.
Even the very best of the Kavyas were composed in more
-strict conformity with fixed rules than the poetry of any
•other country. For not only is the language <|pminated
•by the grammatical rules of Panini,but the style is regulated
by the elaborate laws about various forms of alliteration
and figures of speech laid down in the treatises on poetics.'*
As records of Hindu manners and customs they are
unrivalled for their authenticity. As works of poetic art,
lyrical beauty and natural tenderness, they have no peer
in the world's literary history.
The Indian drama must unhesitatingly be described as
purely native ia its origin. " The Muhamadans when
4:hey overran India brought ao drama with them*
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