X
sketch cannot classify. Nor do they admit of any systematic arrangement. The Vedic dialect is the first record of the Sanskrit tongue, from which by processes of phonetic decay and natural elision the later language has been perfected.
The Brahmanas of the Rik and the Yajus present the-second stage in the development. Many of the peculiar words had already become obsolete, the declensions had approached mostly the classical grammar. The roots have
no indiscriminate conjugation. The subjunctive is almost
' .
gone out of use. The indeclinable past and the gerundial
infinitive end in <3T and cj*3[ J verbal forms of all moods and tenses are seen in abundance. Still there are the touches of, the vedic relationship and archaisms are not rare: —
- : '
. (i) Some feminine nouns have common forms for the-dative and the genitive, as tjf^q ^TIW: ;
(ii) The «T of the third person is often dropped as before, as ^cTT 3T TO^RWW ;
(iii) 'Some of the aorist forms do not follow the rules of Panini, as 3TfcT q[T 3IW ??EIT: ; ..,
(iv) Some ntiqanated words occur as ^pfr^ (a shaft)
!% i >••'"'
f f The Aitereya Brahmana quotes some gathas which are
ij obviously more archaic than the rest of the work. NotwitB-
I standing these irregularities, the Brahmanas are " the best
| represetitatives extant of the verbal portion of that lanr-
I guage of wMeh Panini writes the grammar, though he did
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